Graphosoma lineatum ssp. italicum – O.F. Müller, 1766
Descrizione
Insetto della famiglia dei Pentatomidi, riconoscibilissimo per la inconfondibile livrea rossa a fasce longitudinali nere.
Si riconosce da altre specie simili per il colore delle zampette complessivamente nero.
Tra le specie simili, ricordiamo Graphosoma lineatum ssp. lineatum che presenta zampe di colore rosso-arancio.
Ninfe e adulti del Graphosoma lineatum spp. italicum sono parassiti di colture come anice, carote, girasoli e prezzemolo.
Le caratteristiche che rendono riconoscibile il Graphosoma lineatum spp. italicum:
- antenne nere
- zampe nere, con la terza tibia talora rossastra
Il Graphosoma lineatum spp. italicum si trova nell’Italia del Nord e in quella centrale appenninica.
Specie simile
Graphosoma lineatum ssp. lineatum – Linnaeus, 1758
Si riconosce dal Graphosoma lineatum ssp. italicum per i caratteri seguenti:
- zampette rosso-arancio
- colorazione più tendente all’arancio
- antenne rosso-arancio con l’ultimo articolo antennale e parte del quarto nero
Il Graphosoma lineatum ssp. lineatum si trova in parte dell’Italia meridionale e inoltre in Sicilia e Sardegna.
![Graphosoma lineatum ssp. Italicum [photo by Charlesjsharp - Own work, from Sharp Photography, sharpphotography, CC BY-SA 4.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=49736567 da wikimedia]](https://www.treviambiente.it/ambienteebiodiversita/wp-content/uploads/sites/9/2016/10/Italian_striped_bug_Graphosoma_lineatum_italicum.jpg)
Graphosoma lineatum
| Graphosoma lineatum | |
|---|---|
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Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hemiptera |
| Suborder: | Heteroptera |
| Family: | Pentatomidae |
| Genus: | Graphosoma |
| Species: | G. lineatum
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| Binomial name | |
| Graphosoma lineatum | |
| Synonyms | |
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Graphosoma lineatum is a species of shield bug in the family Pentatomidae.
Description
G. lineatum can reach a length of 8–12 mm (0.31–0.47 in). The body is almost round, with a large shield. The basic color of the upperside of the body is orange yellow, with wide black longitudinal stripes. The pronotum has six black bands. The antennae are black. Also the sides of the abdominal segments (connexivum) are yellow with many small black spots. The legs are mostly orange, which distinguishes it from its relative, G. italicum.
Taxonomy
Graphosoma italicum had been regarded as either a subspecies, or a synonym of G. lineatum, but the validity of G. italicum was reestablished via DNA analysis, which demonstrated that the sister species to G. italicum is , while G. lineatum is more closely related to G. semipunctatum.[1][2][3]
Subspecies
- G. l. lineatum (Linnaeus, 1758) - nominate subspecies
- G. l. siciliensis Lupoli, 2017[3] - endemic to Sicily. Black legged, more reddish coloured; only occurrence of the species in Europe, it actually looks close to its European relative, G. italicum.
Similar species
- Graphosoma italicum (Müller, 1766) - The legs are black. The distribution is throughout Europe and Sardinia.
- Graphosoma semipunctatum (Fabricius, 1775) - The legs are orange, the red and black bands are interrupted on the pronotum, where they form black points. The distribution is restricted to the Mediterranean region.
- Horvath, 1903 - Dark connexivi with small red points, it is distributed in South Russia, Turkey, and Iran.
Distribution
G. lineatum is distributed across Northern Africa (Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia). The subspecies G. l. siciliensis occurs only in Sicily.
References
- ^ Ribes, J., Pagola-Carte, S. & Zabalegui, I. (2008) On some Palearctic Carpocorini (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae: Pentatominae). Heteropterus Revista de Entomología 8(2): 155-169.
- ^ R. Lupoli & F. Dusoulier (2006) Les Punaises Pentatomoidea de France. Ancyrosoma ISBN 9782953666113
- ^ a b R. Lupoli, Graphosoma lineatum (L., 1758) and G. italicum (O.F. Müller, 1766), two valid and distinct species, probably derived from the Zanclean mediterranean transgression (Hemiptera Pentatomidae). L'Entomologiste T73 n°1 (2017) pp. 19-33.